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Charles C. Carpenter
Charles C. Carpenter (''fl.'' 19th century) was a Boomer leader who organized and instigated the first unauthorized attempt to homestead the Unassigned Lands in Oklahoma Territory in May 1879.〔Stan Hoig. 2000. ''Fort Reno and the Indian Territory Frontier''. Fayetteville, Ark.: University of Arkansas Press, p. 82.〕〔Carl Coke Rister. 1942. ''Land Hunger, David L. Payne and the Oklahoma Boomers'', Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma Press, pp. 41, 45-50.〕〔Stan Hoig. 1984. ''The Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889'', Oklahoma City: Oklahoma Historical Society, p. 4.〕〔Edward Everett Dale and Gene Aldrich. 1969. ''History of Oklahoma'', Thompson Book and Supply Co., Edmond, Okla., 1969, first printing 1948 by Prentice Hall, Inc., New York, N.Y., pp. 231-234, 236.〕〔Stan Hoig: "CARPENTER, CHARLES C. (dates unknown)", in ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture'', Oklahoma Historical Society, http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/C/CA060.html, n.d., accessed 8 Jul 2012.〕
==Pre-Boomer life==
According to official U.S. Civil War documents,〔John Y. Simon and Roger D. Bridges, eds. 1972. ''The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant, Volume 4: January 8-March 31, 1862'', Carbondale, Ill.: Southern Illinois University Press, pp. 16-17.〕 Carpenter was born in Ohio, was a Jayhawker before the American Civil War, and had served as a scout and spy for Major General John C. Frémont during his command of the Army's Department of the West from May to November 1861. Later in the war, he commanded the Jessie Scouts,〔Agnes Wright Spring. 1948. ''The Cheyenne and Black Hills Stage and Express Routes'', first published in 1948 by the Arthur H. Clark Co., Glendale, Calif., reprinted by the University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, Neb., ''A Bison Book'', 1965, pp. 62, 66, 78.〕 an irregular organization named for Frémont's wife, Jessie Benton Frémont, daughter of Missouri senator Thomas Hart Benton. Of his service in the scouts, Union Army Capt. William McMichael in a letter to General Ulysses S. Grant dated January 10, 1862 wrote that Carpenter was "admirably adapted for the dangerous services in which he engages. During the times that General Fremont was in command, he several times performed such services as clearly indicated that he adds great shrewdness to the reckless courage which he undoubtedly possesses."〔 He also represented himself at times to be an officer of the U.S. Detective Police force.〔Kristen M. Taynor. 2009. ''A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Military Intelligence during the Civil War, Provost Marshal Records on Spies, Scouts, Guides, and Detectives'', Bethesda, MD: LexisNexis, p. 13.〕 All of his service claims cannot be proved, but certainly suggest he was a man of significant ability, if somewhat flamboyant in style.〔Frank Moore. 1889. Exploits of Capt. Carpenter of "The Jessie Scouts", in ''The Civil War in Song and Story, 1860-1865'', New York: P. F. Collier, Publisher, pp. 45-47.〕 In 1876, Carpenter had led an effort to settle Americans in the Black Hills of South Dakota, where settlement on Native American lands had also been forbidden by the federal government,〔〔Joseph G. Rosa. 1982. ''The West of Wild Bill Hickock'', University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Okla., p. 172.〕〔Joseph G. Rosa. 1964. ''They Called Him Wild Bill'', University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Okla., pp. 283-184.〕 an experience which may have influenced him to take up the Boomer cause.
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